June 13th, 2008 Posted in cosmology, science | 1 Comment »
Kids, nobody is going to read this blog … it’s too long. We’re going to treat this a an entry into an engineering notebook. This blog will bring you grandchildren up to date on our cosmos project.
I have used the blog as a way for me to investigate two subjects that have held my interest since I was a young person and to use these subjects to stimulate interest in science and math with our grandchildren. The two subjects are the cosmos and conscious thought. Today we will be investigating the cosmos.
As we think about the cosmos we are using the most complex organs ever created on Earth … the human mind. The act of thinking is as mysterious as the cosmos. Brain researchers say they rely on conceptual developments as much as they rely on lab work. It’s one of the reasons philosophers are so important to the cognitive sciences. So kids, since grandpa is not a mathematician, we will assume the role of “conceptual engineers” in our quest of understanding the cosmos with our 3-pound brain.
So, what is the most sought after prize that cosmologist are seeking these days? The biggest prize now is finding the source of dark energy that exists in our universe. In May 2008 at a meeting of scientist and physicists at the Space Telescope Institute, one physicist was asked for new ideas on dark energy … he showed them a blank screen. The scientific method does not allow physicists to use new ideas that are beyond their ability to prove. They cannot see inside a black hole, or see what happened before the big bang, or see beyond our see able universe.
Our approach to finding the source of dark energy is to conceptually see inside a black hole, to see beyond the big bang, and to see beyond our see able universe. We can do this as “conceptual engineers”. The concept and title of our little project is “Nested Universes”. Like Russian dolls each universe can be “opened up” revealing a smaller similar universe, which in turn can be opened up to reveal another smaller universe inside … and so on.
Our concept has many very difficult obstacles to over come. We are suggesting our universe resides in a black hole of a large parent universe and that there is the potential for many small universes to reside within the black hole in our universe.
I’ll list three huge obstacles; First, we have to make an imaginary leap from the infinitely dense singularity of a black hole to the infinitely dense singularity of the big bang. In order to do this, we need to go from the gravity and relativity of our large universe to the very small world of quantum mechanics … we need a grand unification of the two singularities within a black hole.
The second very difficult obstacle is to show that there the existence of an expanding universe with a habitable zone that occurs during the dormant phase of a black hole. To create a mental image kids, lets assume that our universe is a balloon that has expanded to 50% of the event horizon since the big bang occurred … and is now on it’s way to finally expanding into our parents universe. Looking into the center of the balloon is the past. Looking outward is the future, which we cannot see. So which way is the arrow of time pointing in the space between our balloon, (present time), and the event horizon that separates our space/time region from our parent universe?
The third enormous obstacle is to show that our universe and all it’s matter will expand back into our parent universe. If we accept the nested universes concept, we can say that when we observe a black hole from earth, we are observing a small version of a ourselves. Therefore, we are observing and measuring the gravitational influences and other physical influences that our universe has on the black holes in our universe. By observation and reverse engineering will we demonstrate that the source of dark energy and dark matter … is caused in some way by our parent universe?
Kids, we can take a wild guess as to the differences between three nested universes, Lets assume the Milky Way central black hole event horizon is 5.779E+12 cm. and the distance across our universe is 1.992E+28cm. The ratio of the black hole diameter to the distance across the universe is 3.447E+15. If we consider the extreme edge of our universe as our event horizon, then using the same ratio, the distance across our parent universe would be 6.858E+43 cm.
The three different size space/time regions of the Nested Universes have their own space/time electromagnetic spectrum’s created by the light sources, (stars), within their space/time region. Each of the three nested universes make a quantum leap connection to the smaller space/time region via the black holes in each universe. Like a wormhole, the black hole sucks matter, space, time and the electromagnetic spectrum from the larger universe into the smaller universe. The cycle is eventually reversed when the expansion of the smaller universe within a black hole returns the energy to the larger universe in the form of hot gas and dust.
The Glast telescope, which was launched on June 11, 2008, will open the high-energy world to us and help us answer questions about the high velocity jets that shoot outward form the “north and south” poles of a black hole.
Now to the nitty gritty. We are going to focus on a Scientific American article called “Black Hole Blow Back” by Tucker, Tananbaum, and Fabian in the March 2007 magazine. They describe what they call “the hydro logic cycle.” Here is their description:
“Jets blast through the galaxy … where their energy converts to heat. The heat greatly diminishes the inward cooling flow, if not shutting it off altogether. It is a case of biting the hand that feeds. By shutting down the inward cooling flow, the super massive black hole chokes off it’s own supply of gas and gradually goes dormant. The jets fade away leaving the cluster gas without a heat source. Millions of years later the hot gas in the central region of the cluster finally cools sufficiently to initiate a new season of growth for the galaxy and its super-massive black hole begins swallowing matter again … thus the cycle continues.”
Their simulation shows that a black hole can act as a giant motor. Gas falling toward the hole revs it up. Magnetic fields turn rotational motion into linear motion catapulting out jets of hot gas. The simulation suggests a rapidly spinning hole can shoot out one unit of gas for every three it swallows.
Here is our version; The accretion ring around the black hole had moved away from the hole during the dormant phase. When the gas sufficiently cooled, the accretion ring rushes in with gas flow toward the hole. The rapidly contracting material of the ring rushing toward the collapsing hole, much like when the initial star collapsed forming the black hole. A crushing inward cycle mode. The accretion material is sucked in at the event horizon equator and squeezes the final phase of the balloon shaped universe inside the event horizon into a pencil shape, which finally spews all the material it sucked in out of the north and south poles into the parent universe as extremely hot jets.